Huang incorporated four distinct heterocycles featuring amino groups as a respective second ligand to construct ligand-engineered ZIFs (LE-ZIFs) via a microwave synthesis process. Through advanced characterization techniques, Huang observed that the addition of a second ligand hindered the complete reconstruction of the ZIF structure into CoOOH compounds; instead inducing a surface-limited reconstruction by formation of an ultra-thin (4 nm) CoOOH protecting layer, which enhanced the stability under light irradiation and applied electric field by unprecedented values. Theoretical calculations underscore the crucial role of the synergistic effect by the second ligand, which reduces the Gibbs free energy, making the ZIF more stable, and at the same time accelerating electron transfer to the reactants, ultimately enhancing overall OER activity. His research offers a promising approach for the rational design of ligand-engineered ZIFs to achieve an optimal balance between activity and stability for various applications involving light exposure and electric fields.

The paper was recently published Open Access in Nature Communications and can be accessed through the following link: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-53385-0, opens an external URL in a new window.

Original publication
Ligand Engineering Enhances (Photo)Electrocatalytic Activity and Stability of Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks via In-situ Surface Reconstruction. Nature Communications. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-53385-0, opens an external URL in a new window.