Higher Geodesy deals with the figure of the Earth, its gravity field, Earth orientation in space, and monitoring of global dynamic processes like plate tectonics and sea level variations. It makes use of space geodetic techniques and measurements at the Earth surface. Higher Geodesy plays a key role in improving our understanding of the complex Earth system and provides accurate and stable reference frames that are fundamental to any kind of positioning on Earth and in Space as well as to the observation of Global Change.